I/O (Input/Output) modules are devices that provide a interface between a microcontroller and the physical world. They allow a microcontroller to receive input from or send output to various sensors, actuators, and other peripherals.
Some common types of I/O modules are:
Digital Input Modules: Detect the presence or absence of an electrical signal
Digital Output Modules: Control the state of an electrical output (On/Off)
Analog Input Modules: Measure continuous signals and convert them into digital signals
Analog Output Modules: Convert digital signals into continuous signals
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Output Modules: Control the duty cycle of a pulsed output to generate a specific voltage or current level
Communication Modules: Enable communication with other devices through protocols such as RS-232, RS-485, I2C, and SPI.
